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Thyroid Digest November 2005

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Recently Published Thyroid Research

This Thyroid Digest describing published research studies were prepared by Robert D. Utiger, M.D., from summaries of original research articles. The summaries were published in Clinical Thyroidology (Vol. 17, No. 3, 2005), a publication of the American Thyroid Association. Dr. Utiger is the Editor-in-Chief of Clinical Thyroidology.

 

Thyroid Disease

  1. Unselected healthy subjects and healthy subjects with no risk factors for thyroid disorders have similar serum thyrotropin concentrations

Hyperthyroidism

  1. Heart rate and systolic blood pressure are high during both day and night in patients with hyperthyroidism
  2. Subclinical hyperthyroidism may persist or disappear spontaneously
  3. Glucocorticoid therapy does not alter the effect of radioactive iodine therapy in patients with hyperthyroidism caused by Graves’ disease
  4. Radioiodine therapy for hyperthyroidism is associated with a slight increase in long-term mortality

Graves' Ophthalmopathy

  1. Radioactive iodine therapy for hyperthyroidism does not exacerbate eye disease in patients with Graves’ disease
  2. Intravenous glucocorticoid therapy is superior to oral glucocorticoid therapy in patients with Graves’ eye disease

Hypothyroidism

  1. Hypothyroidism is common in older women treated with lithium
  2. Subclinical hypothyroidism may spontaneously remit months or years after diagnosis
  3. Initiation of therapy with a full dose of thyroxine in patients with hypothyroidism is safe, but not more effective than a low dose
  4. Patients with hypothyroidism who are treated with the antitumor drug imatinib need more thyroxine

Postpartum Thyroid Disease

  1. Late hypothyroidism is common in women with postpartum thyroiditis

Nodular Goiter

  1. Among older people, the most common cause of thyroid enlargement is a multinodular goiter

Thyroid Cancer

  1. Serum antithyroglobulin antibodies are not associated with poor outcome in patients with thyroid carcinoma
  2. Some patients with thyroid carcinoma benefit from radioactive iodine and external radiation therapy
  3. A rise in serum thyroglobulin after thyrotropin administration indicates the presence of tumor in patients with thyroid carcinoma

Autoimmune Thyroid Disease

  1. Patients with multiple sclerosis who are treated with interferon-β may have autoimmune thyroid disease and thyroid dysfunction
  2. Statin drugs may increase thyroid secretion and decrease autoimmunity in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

Iodine Deficiency

  1. An increase in salt iodination improves iodine nutrition in children and pregnant women

Thyroid Hormone Production

  1. Conversion of thyroxine to triiodothyronine outside the thyroid is mediated primarily by type 2 deiodinase
 
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