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Thyroid Digest July 2006

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Recently Published Thyroid Research

This Thyroid Digest describing published research studies were prepared by Robert D. Utiger, M.D., from summaries of original research articles. The summaries were published in Clinical Thyroidology (Vol. 18, No. 2, 2006), a publication of the American Thyroid Association. Dr. Utiger is the Editor-in-Chief of Clinical Thyroidology.

 

Thyroid Disease

  1. Patients treated for hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism have an increase in frequency of some cardiovascular disorders
  2. Subclinical hypothyroidism and subclinical hyperthyroidism have few deleterious cardiovascular effects

Hyperthyroidism

  1. Chronic subclinical hyperthyroidism does not reduce quality of life
  2. Patients with hyperthyroidism caused by Graves’ disease may have an enlarged thymus mimicking a thymic tumor
  3. Patients with hyperthyroidism may have low red-cell, white-cell, and platelet counts
  4. Decreased physical activity contributes to weight gain during treatment of hyperthyroidism

Graves' Disease

  1. Patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection may have Graves’ disease during antiviral therapy

Congenital Hypothyroidism

  1. Screening of newborn infants for hypothyroidism should be done twice

Nodular Goiter

  1. Graves’ disease with hyperthyroidism occasionally occurs after radioactive iodine therapy for nodular goiter

Thyroid Cancer

  1. The increasing incidence of thyroid cancer is due to detection of very small papillary carcinomas
  2. Patients with thyroid cancer have a slightly increased risk of other cancers
  3. Multifocal papillary carcinomas usually arise from one clone of thyroid cells
  4. The prognosis of patients with Graves’ disease found to have a small thyroid carcinoma at thyroidectomy is excellent
  5. The prognosis of patients with diffuse sclerosing papillary carcinoma is poorer than that of patients with classical papillary carcinoma

Autoimmune Thyroid Disease

  1. Increasing iodine intake is associated with higher rates of hypothyroidism
  2. Thyroxine therapy results in a decrease in thyroid size in children and adolescents with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis

Thyroid Function in Pregnancy

  1. The outcome of pregnancy is normal in women with subclinical hyperthyroidism

Thyroid Hormone Therapy

  1. Absorption of thyroxine is decreased in patients with gastric inflammation and by omeprazole therapy

Thyroid Function and Obesity

  1. Secretion of thyrotropin and thyroid hormone is slightly increased in morbidly obese subjects

Thyroid Hormone Secretion and Action

  1. Deficiency of thyrotropin-releasing hormone impairs the thyrotropin response to hypothyroidism

 
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